{"id":1912,"date":"2022-04-25T10:25:53","date_gmt":"2022-04-25T08:25:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.leier.sk\/?p=1912"},"modified":"2022-04-25T10:38:25","modified_gmt":"2022-04-25T08:38:25","slug":"ako-spravne-postavit-malu-protihlukovu-stenu-durisol","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.leier.sk\/en\/blog\/ako-spravne-postavit-malu-protihlukovu-stenu-durisol\/","title":{"rendered":"How to properly build a small Durisol noise barrier"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hluk m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 ve\u013emi ru\u0161iv\u00fd a ob\u0165a\u017euj\u00faci element, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 \u010dasto \u0161kodliv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky na \u013eudsk\u00fd organizmus. Pravideln\u00e1 nadmern\u00e1 hlukov\u00e1 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e sp\u00f4sobuje r\u00f4zne zdravotn\u00fdch n\u00e1sledky, ako s\u00fa zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd krvn\u00fd tlak, riziko infarktu, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fa produkciu stresov\u00e9ho horm\u00f3nu \u010di po\u0161kodenie sluchu, ale aj poruchy komunika\u010dn\u00e9, poruchy pri u\u010den\u00ed, koncentr\u00e1cii i sp\u00e1nku. To v\u0161etko s\u00fa ve\u013emi v\u00e1\u017ene negat\u00edvne z\u00e1sahy do kvality ka\u017edodenn\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Pr\u00e1ve preto je ochrana proti hluku ve\u013emi aktu\u00e1lnou t\u00e9mou, s ktorou je ka\u017edodenne konfrontovan\u00fdch st\u00e1le viac \u013eud\u00ed.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 hladina hluku je pr\u00edtomn\u00e1 predov\u0161etk\u00fdm v okol\u00ed dopravn\u00fdch komunik\u00e1ci\u00ed. Tak\u00fdto negat\u00edvny vplyv hluku pom\u00e1haj\u00fa eliminova\u0165 protihlukov\u00e9 bari\u00e9ry Durisol, ktor\u00fdch pozn\u00e1vac\u00edm znakom s\u00fa pr\u00edrodn\u00e9 a ekologick\u00e9 \u0161tiepkocementov\u00e9 protihlukov\u00e9 tvarovky s osobit\u00fdm charakteristick\u00fdm dizajnom. V spojen\u00ed s bet\u00f3nov\u00fdm jadrom vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fa, pohltiv\u00fa a z\u00e1rove\u0148 nepriezvu\u010dn\u00fa protihlukov\u00fa ochranu. Protihlukov\u00fa stenu je mo\u017en\u00e9 vytvori\u0165 ako syst\u00e9m hotov\u00fdch prefabrikovan\u00fdch panelov, ktor\u00e9 sa os\u00e1dzaj\u00fa do pripraven\u00fdch oce\u013eov\u00fdch alebo \u017eelezobet\u00f3nov\u00fdch st\u013apov, alebo ju mo\u017eno zhotovi\u0165 priamo na mieste z tvaroviek na \u017eelezobet\u00f3novom z\u00e1kladovom p\u00e1se. Tieto \u201emal\u00e9 protihlukov\u00e9 steny\u201c sl\u00fa\u017eia predov\u0161etk\u00fdm ako protihlukov\u00e1 ochrana – oplotenie pozemkov rodinn\u00fdch domov, obytn\u00fdch celkov, \u0161k\u00f4l, parkov \u010di detsk\u00fdch ihr\u00edsk. Mas\u00edvne zvisl\u00e9 oce\u013eov\u00e9 nosn\u00edky sa daj\u00fa nahradi\u0165 aj zvislou pr\u00fatovou v\u00fdstu\u017eou, ktor\u00e1 prep\u00e1ja z\u00e1kladov\u00fd p\u00e1s s nadzemnou \u010das\u0165ou protihlukovej steny. Hr\u00fabka a hustota v\u00fdstu\u017ee je dan\u00e1 statick\u00fdm v\u00fdpo\u010dtom pod\u013ea konkr\u00e9tnych podmienok stavby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1kladn\u00fdm prvkom malej protihlukovej steny s\u00fa tvarovky Durisol, ktor\u00e9 z 90% tvor\u00ed drevn\u00e1 \u0161tiepka ihli\u010dnat\u00fdch stromov (jed\u013ea, smrek), cement a mineraliza\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00edsady. Drevn\u00e1 \u0161tiepka je nepravideln\u00e9ho tvaru, \u010do sp\u00f4sobuje vysok\u00fa p\u00f3rovitos\u0165 tvarovky a ve\u013ek\u00fd akt\u00edvny povrch, \u010do je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 pre zabezpe\u010denie vysokej pohltivosti steny. Tvarovky maj\u00fa \u017eivotnos\u0165 aj viac ako 30 rokov, s\u00fa odoln\u00e9 proti vode, posypov\u00fdm soliam, mechanick\u00e9mu po\u0161kodeniu (napr. odlietaj\u00face kamene) a s\u00fa nehor\u013eav\u00e9. Dokonca sa vyr\u00e1baj\u00fa v r\u00f4znych tvarov\u00fdch a farebn\u00fdch vyhotoveniach.    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zhotovenie takejto malej protihlukovej steny Durisol prebieha v\u00a0nieko\u013ek\u00fdch krokoch:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1. Vyzna\u010denie trasy steny, zemn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce a zakladanie<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Prv\u00fdm a\u00a0z\u00a0h\u013eadiska korektn\u00fdch susedsk\u00fdch vz\u0165ahov ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdm krokom je presn\u00e9 zameranie a vyzna\u010denie trasy protihlukovej steny. Z\u00e1sada je, \u017ee \u017eiadna z\u00a0podzemn\u00fdch, alebo nadzemn\u00fdch \u010dast\u00ed steny nesmie presahova\u0165 na susedn\u00fd pozemok. Nasleduje realiz\u00e1cia v\u00fdkopov\u00fdch pr\u00e1c, zhutnen\u00e9 \u0160P l\u00f4\u017eko na dne z\u00e1kladovej \u0161k\u00e1ry a\u00a0zhotovenie z\u00e1kladov\u00e9ho p\u00e1su pod bud\u00facou stenou. Z\u00e1kladov\u00e1 \u0161k\u00e1ra mus\u00ed by\u0165 v\u00a0nezam\u0155zaj\u00facej h\u013abke, \u010do je v\u00a0z\u00e1vislosti od lokality cca. 800 \u2013 1200 mm pod \u00farov\u0148ou ter\u00e9nu. \u0160\u00edrku z\u00e1kladov\u00e9ho p\u00e1su ur\u010d\u00ed statick\u00fd v\u00fdpo\u010det. Z\u00e1kladov\u00fd p\u00e1s sa nad ter\u00e9n (pod prv\u00fd rad tvaroviek Durisol) dostane v\u00a0podobe nadz\u00e1kladov\u00e9ho m\u00faru. Prepojenie medzi z\u00e1kladovou kon\u0161trukciou a\u00a0stenou zabezpe\u010d\u00ed stykovacia (prepojovacia) v\u00fdstu\u017e. Pri umiestnen\u00ed stykovacej v\u00fdstu\u017ee je potrebn\u00e9 dba\u0165 na to, aby sa nach\u00e1dzala v\u00a0mieste bud\u00faceho bet\u00f3nov\u00e9ho jadra tvaroviek. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je potrebn\u00e9 dba\u0165 na zachovanie rovinnosti hornej hrany nadz\u00e1kladov\u00e9ho m\u00fara.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Vyzna\u010denie<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Zalo\u017eenie 1.radu\u00a0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Prv\u00fd rad tvaroviek zaklad\u00e1me do maltov\u00e9ho l\u00f4\u017eka, pr\u00edpadn\u00e9 nerovnosti z\u00e1kladov\u00e9ho p\u00e1su m\u00f4\u017eeme vyrovna\u0165 dreven\u00fdmi klinkami. Stenu zaklad\u00e1me od najvy\u0161\u0161ieho bodu z\u00e1kladu. Ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eitou je vodorovn\u00e1 rovinnos\u0165, smer a\u00a0v\u00fd\u0161ka ka\u017ed\u00e9ho radu tvaroviek, ktor\u00fa kontrolujeme pomocou natiahnutej mur\u00e1rskej \u0161n\u00farky. Zvislos\u0165 a rovinnos\u0165 ka\u017edej tvarovky zas vodov\u00e1hou. Presn\u00e9 zalo\u017eenie a\u00a0rovinnos\u0165 1.radu tvaroviek je z\u00e1kladom pre rovinnos\u0165 a\u00a0zvislos\u0165 celej steny. Pri\u00a0 zakladan\u00ed 1.radu tvaroviek odstra\u0148ujeme zvy\u0161ky malty z\u00a0tvaroviek aj z\u00a0priestoru bud\u00faceho bet\u00f3nov\u00e9ho jadra.\u00a0 V\u00a0mont\u00e1\u017ei \u010fal\u0161\u00edch radov pokra\u010dujeme a\u017e po zatvrdnut\u00ed 1. radu tvaroviek.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"Zalo\u017eenie<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"Zalo\u017eenie<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Rezanie tvaroviek<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Tvarovky Durisol sa \u013eahko opracov\u00e1vaj\u00fa, re\u017e\u00fa, fr\u00e9zuj\u00fa pomocou uhlovej br\u00fasky s diamantov\u00fdm kot\u00fa\u010dom, elektrickou p\u00e1sovou alebo chvostovou p\u00edlou, alebo aj ru\u010dne r\u00e1movou p\u00edlou. Rezan\u00edm po uhloprie\u010dke a n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm zlepen\u00edm stavebn\u00fdm lepidlom m\u00f4\u017eeme vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 rohov\u00e9 tvarovky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"3.<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"3.<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. V\u00fdstu\u017e steny<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Stena sa navrhuje ako \u0161tandardn\u00fd \u017eelezobet\u00f3nov\u00fd kon\u0161truk\u010dn\u00fd prvok, pri\u010dom prierezom je plocha v\u00fdpl\u0148ov\u00e9ho bet\u00f3nu. V\u00fdstu\u017e steny sa dimenzuje pod\u013ea normy STN EN 1992-1-1\/A1. Po ulo\u017een\u00ed 1.radu tvaroviek sa do tvarovky vlo\u017e\u00ed horizont\u00e1lna beton\u00e1rska v\u00fdstu\u017e. Spr\u00e1vne previazanie rohov sa zabezpe\u010d\u00ed ulo\u017een\u00edm pr\u00fatovej v\u00fdstu\u017ee \u201edo kr\u00ed\u017ea\u201c. Pri ukladan\u00ed v\u00fdstu\u017ee je potrebn\u00e9 dba\u0165 na dodr\u017eanie dostato\u010dn\u00e9ho krytia v\u00fdstu\u017ee, vodorovn\u00fa a zvisl\u00fa v\u00fdstu\u017e je potrebn\u00e9 fixova\u0165 viazac\u00edm dr\u00f4tom. Po ulo\u017een\u00ed \u010fal\u0161\u00edch radov tvaroviek sa pred beton\u00e1\u017eou do zvisl\u00fdch dut\u00edn tvaroviek vlo\u017e\u00ed zvisl\u00e1 v\u00fdstu\u017e.   Po\u010det, priemer ako aj vzdialenos\u0165 pr\u00fatov ur\u010d\u00ed statick\u00fd prepo\u010det.    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"V\u00fdstu\u017e<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"V\u00fdstu\u017e<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Mont\u00e1\u017e \u010fal\u0161\u00edch radov tvaroviek<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Po zatvrdnut\u00ed maltov\u00e9ho l\u00f4\u017eka 1.radu tvaroviek a zhotoven\u00ed stykovacej v\u00fdstu\u017ee m\u00f4\u017eeme prist\u00fapi\u0165 k mont\u00e1\u017ei \u010fal\u0161\u00edch radov tvaroviek. Tvarovky uklad\u00e1me na v\u00e4zbu nasucho, pri\u010dom spr\u00e1vne by mali by\u0165 previazan\u00e9 v\u017edy o \u00bd tvarovky tak, aby dutiny tvaroviek boli presne nad sebou. Pre zachovanie protihlukov\u00fdch parametrov steny je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, aby tvarovky \u201edosadli\u201c na seba, t.j. aby do\u0161lo k \u010do najtesnej\u0161iemu uzatvoreniu lo\u017enej \u0161k\u00e1ry tvaroviek. M\u00f4\u017eeme to dosiahnu\u0165 jemn\u00fdm doklepnut\u00edm gumen\u00fdm kladivom. Naraz montujeme to\u013eko radov tvaroviek, ko\u013eko zabet\u00f3nujeme. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"Mont\u00e1\u017e<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"Mont\u00e1\u017e<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. Beton\u00e1\u017e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Beton\u00e1\u017e steny sa realizuje po etap\u00e1ch, spravidla sa zalieva 4-5 radov tvaroviek maxim\u00e1lne do polovice hornej tvarovky tak, aby sa pracovn\u00e1 \u0161k\u00e1ra pri beton\u00e1\u017ei nerovnala lo\u017enej \u0161k\u00e1re. Pri beton\u00e1\u017ei je potrebn\u00e9 dba\u0165 na to, aby sa v\u00fdpl\u0148ov\u00fd bet\u00f3n rovnomerne dostal do v\u0161etk\u00fdch dut\u00edn tvaroviek v ka\u017edom rade steny. Doprava bet\u00f3novej zmesi z domie\u0161ava\u010da sa vykon\u00e1va pomocou \u010derpadla alebo ko\u0161a. Ukladanie bet\u00f3novej zmesi prebieha rovnomerne. Zhutnenie bet\u00f3novej zmesi sa realizuje ponorn\u00fdm vibr\u00e1torom s vibra\u010dnou hru\u0161kou max. 40 mm. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pri doprave, ukladan\u00ed, zhutnen\u00ed a o\u0161etrovan\u00ed bet\u00f3novej zmesi je potrebn\u00e9 dodr\u017ea\u0165 ustanovenia platn\u00fdch noriem a predpisov. Odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00e1 trieda bet\u00f3nu C25\/30, konzistencia S3, ve\u013ekos\u0165 z\u0155n kameniva do 16 mm. Po beton\u00e1\u017ei sa stena o\u010dist\u00ed od  zbytkov bet\u00f3nu, po zatuhnut\u00ed bet\u00f3nu sa pokra\u010duje v mont\u00e1\u017ei \u010fal\u0161\u00edch radov tvaroviek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Posledn\u00fd rad tvaroviek je vhodn\u00e9 ukon\u010di\u0165 plotovou strie\u0161kou. Ak nepou\u017eijeme strie\u0161ku, bet\u00f3n na z\u00e1ver vyhlad\u00edme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"Beton\u00e1\u017e\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"Beton\u00e1\u017e\"<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7. Z\u00e1vere\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Po\u010das beton\u00e1\u017ee a po nej kontrolujeme rovinnos\u0165 steny, v pr\u00edpade potreby m\u00f4\u017eeme stenu po beton\u00e1\u017ei opl\u00e1chnu\u0165 pr\u00fadom vody.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hluk m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 ve\u013emi ru\u0161iv\u00fd a ob\u0165a\u017euj\u00faci element, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 \u010dasto \u0161kodliv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky na \u013eudsk\u00fd organizmus. Pravideln\u00e1 nadmern\u00e1 hlukov\u00e1 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e sp\u00f4sobuje r\u00f4zne zdravotn\u00fdch n\u00e1sledky, ako s\u00fa zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd krvn\u00fd tlak, riziko infarktu, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fa produkciu stresov\u00e9ho horm\u00f3nu \u010di po\u0161kodenie sluchu, ale aj poruchy komunika\u010dn\u00e9, poruchy pri u\u010den\u00ed, koncentr\u00e1cii i sp\u00e1nku. To v\u0161etko s\u00fa ve\u013emi v\u00e1\u017ene negat\u00edvne z\u00e1sahy do kvality […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1913,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1912","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"\nAko spr\u00e1vne postavi\u0165 mal\u00fa protihlukov\u00fa stenu Durisol | Leier.sk<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.leier.sk\/en\/blog\/ako-spravne-postavit-malu-protihlukovu-stenu-durisol\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ako spr\u00e1vne postavi\u0165 mal\u00fa protihlukov\u00fa stenu Durisol | Leier.sk\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hluk m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 ve\u013emi ru\u0161iv\u00fd a ob\u0165a\u017euj\u00faci element, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 \u010dasto \u0161kodliv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky na \u013eudsk\u00fd organizmus. Pravideln\u00e1 nadmern\u00e1 hlukov\u00e1 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e sp\u00f4sobuje r\u00f4zne zdravotn\u00fdch n\u00e1sledky, ako s\u00fa zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd krvn\u00fd tlak, riziko infarktu, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fa produkciu stresov\u00e9ho horm\u00f3nu \u010di po\u0161kodenie sluchu, ale aj poruchy komunika\u010dn\u00e9, poruchy pri u\u010den\u00ed, koncentr\u00e1cii i sp\u00e1nku. 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